Aggiornamento monografico
L’enuresi notturna
NOCTURNAL ENURESIS
MARIA CRISTINA MENCOBONI
Unità Operativa di Pediatria e Neonatologia, Ospedale Civile di Matera
Novembre 2000 - pagg. 565 -570
Abstract
Enuresis is a very frequent complaint: its prevalence is 10% in 6-year old children. Primary
nocturnal enuresis is a multifactorial condition, where an unbalance between urine production
and bladder functional capacity is associated with arousal problems. The diagnostic approach
is mainly clinical and includes laboratory and instrumental investigations are necessary
only when other day symptoms such as incontinence urgency, poliuria or dysuria.
Treatment options include behavioural approaches (alarm systems and bladder training)
and drugs. Behavioural treatment is usually effective and desmopressin can be associated to
it or used to control enuresis in specific situations.
Parole chiave
Suggerite dall'AI
Classificazione MeSH
Bibliografia
1. Rapoport JL, Ismond DR. DMS-IV Guida alla
diagnosi dei disturbi mentali dell’infanzia e
dell’adolescenza. Masson (Ed. ital.), 2000.
2. Giorgi PL, Ratsch IM. Il bambino con enuresi. Il Pensiero Scientifico editore, 1996.
3. Schmitt BD. L’enuresi notturna. Pediatrics in review (Ed. ital.) 1997;7:159-68.
4. Arnell H. The genetics of nocturnal enuresis: a simple question of complexity. Acta Paediatr 1998;87:487-8.
5. Von Gonttard D, Erberg H, Hollmar E, et al. Molecular genetics of nocturnal enuresis, clinical and genetic eterogenety. Acta Paediat 1998;87:571.
6. Norgaard JP, Pedersen EB, Djurhuus JC. Diurnal anti-diuretic-hormone levels in enuretics. J Urol 1985;134:1029-31.
7. Abrams P, Khoury S, Wein A. Trattamento conservativo nel bambino: 1st International Consultation on Continence, June 28-July 1. Incontinence 1998.
8. David H, Holland P, Butler R, et al. Plasma vasopressine and response to treatment in primary nocturnal enuresis. Arch Dis Child 1999;80:448.
9. Nevéus T, Lachgreen G, Taverner T, Stendberg A. Osmoregulation and desmopressin (DDAVP) in enuretic children. Paediatrics 1999;103:65.
10. Lachgreen G, Nevéus T, Stendberg A. Diurnal plasma vasopressine and urinary output in adolescence with monosymptomatic enuresis. Acta Pediatrica 1997;86:385.
11. Peratoner L. Vescica instabile ed enuresi. Medico e Bambino 1999;18:623-5.
12. Kruse S, Hellstrom AL, Hjalmas K. Daytime bladder disfunction in therapy-resistant nocturnal enuresis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1999;33:49-52.
13. Nevéus T, Stendberg A, Lachgreen G, et al. Il sonno nei bambini con enuresi: uno studio in polisonnografia. Pediatrics (Ed. ital.) 1999; 3:321-5.
14. Wolfisch NM, Pivik RT, Busy KA. Elevated slept arousal tresholds in enuretic boys. Clinical implications. Acta Pediatrica (Suppl. 1) 1997 3S .
15. Lachgreen G, Hjialmas K, Gool JV, et al. Nocturnal enuresis: a suggestion for a European treatment strategy. Acta Paediatr 1999; 88:679-90.
16. Byrd RS, Weitzman M, Lanphear NE, et al. Enuresi notturna nella popolazione pediatrica statunitense. Epidemiologia e problemi comportamentali correlati. Pediatrics (Ed. ital.) 1996;8:444-9.
17. Hagglof B, Andrén O, Bergstrom E, et al. Self-esteem before and after treatment in children with nocturnal enuresis and urinary incontinence. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl 1997;183:79-82.
18. Sener F, Hasanoglu E, Soylemezoglu O. Desmopressin versus indometacin treatment in primary nocturnal enuresis and the role of prostaglandins. Urology 1998;52:878-81.
19. Natochin YV, Kuznetsova AA. Nocturnal enuresis: correction of renal function by Desmopressin and Diclofenac. Pediatr Nephrol 2000;14: 42-7.
20. Tullus K, Bergstrom R, Fosdal I, et al. Efficacy and safety during long term treatment of primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis with desmopressin. Acta Paediatr 1999; 88:1274-8.
21. Nevéus T, Lachgreen G, Taverne T, et al. Desmopressin resistant enuresis: pathogenic and therapeutic considerations. J Urol 1999; 162:2136-40.
22. Skoog SJ, Stokes A, Turner KL. Oral desmopressin: a randomized double-bind placebo controlled study of effectiveness in children with primary nocturnal enuresis. J Urol 1997;158:1035-40.
23. Moffat MEK, Harlos S, Kirshen AJ, Burd L. Desmopressin acetate and nocturnal enuresis: how much do we know? Pediatrics 1993;92:420-5.
24. Hjalmas K, Hanson E, Hellstrom AL, et al. Long term treatment with desmopressin in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: an open multicentre study. British J Urol 1998;82:704-9.
25. Chiozza ML, Del Gado R, Di Toro R,et al. Italian multicentre open trial on DDAVP spray in nocturnal enuresis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1999;33:42-8.
26. Molinari PP, Lambertini A, Giovannini G, et al. Iponatremia da trattamento con DDAVP. Medico e Bambino 1999;4:227-8.
2. Giorgi PL, Ratsch IM. Il bambino con enuresi. Il Pensiero Scientifico editore, 1996.
3. Schmitt BD. L’enuresi notturna. Pediatrics in review (Ed. ital.) 1997;7:159-68.
4. Arnell H. The genetics of nocturnal enuresis: a simple question of complexity. Acta Paediatr 1998;87:487-8.
5. Von Gonttard D, Erberg H, Hollmar E, et al. Molecular genetics of nocturnal enuresis, clinical and genetic eterogenety. Acta Paediat 1998;87:571.
6. Norgaard JP, Pedersen EB, Djurhuus JC. Diurnal anti-diuretic-hormone levels in enuretics. J Urol 1985;134:1029-31.
7. Abrams P, Khoury S, Wein A. Trattamento conservativo nel bambino: 1st International Consultation on Continence, June 28-July 1. Incontinence 1998.
8. David H, Holland P, Butler R, et al. Plasma vasopressine and response to treatment in primary nocturnal enuresis. Arch Dis Child 1999;80:448.
9. Nevéus T, Lachgreen G, Taverner T, Stendberg A. Osmoregulation and desmopressin (DDAVP) in enuretic children. Paediatrics 1999;103:65.
10. Lachgreen G, Nevéus T, Stendberg A. Diurnal plasma vasopressine and urinary output in adolescence with monosymptomatic enuresis. Acta Pediatrica 1997;86:385.
11. Peratoner L. Vescica instabile ed enuresi. Medico e Bambino 1999;18:623-5.
12. Kruse S, Hellstrom AL, Hjalmas K. Daytime bladder disfunction in therapy-resistant nocturnal enuresis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1999;33:49-52.
13. Nevéus T, Stendberg A, Lachgreen G, et al. Il sonno nei bambini con enuresi: uno studio in polisonnografia. Pediatrics (Ed. ital.) 1999; 3:321-5.
14. Wolfisch NM, Pivik RT, Busy KA. Elevated slept arousal tresholds in enuretic boys. Clinical implications. Acta Pediatrica (Suppl. 1) 1997 3S .
15. Lachgreen G, Hjialmas K, Gool JV, et al. Nocturnal enuresis: a suggestion for a European treatment strategy. Acta Paediatr 1999; 88:679-90.
16. Byrd RS, Weitzman M, Lanphear NE, et al. Enuresi notturna nella popolazione pediatrica statunitense. Epidemiologia e problemi comportamentali correlati. Pediatrics (Ed. ital.) 1996;8:444-9.
17. Hagglof B, Andrén O, Bergstrom E, et al. Self-esteem before and after treatment in children with nocturnal enuresis and urinary incontinence. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl 1997;183:79-82.
18. Sener F, Hasanoglu E, Soylemezoglu O. Desmopressin versus indometacin treatment in primary nocturnal enuresis and the role of prostaglandins. Urology 1998;52:878-81.
19. Natochin YV, Kuznetsova AA. Nocturnal enuresis: correction of renal function by Desmopressin and Diclofenac. Pediatr Nephrol 2000;14: 42-7.
20. Tullus K, Bergstrom R, Fosdal I, et al. Efficacy and safety during long term treatment of primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis with desmopressin. Acta Paediatr 1999; 88:1274-8.
21. Nevéus T, Lachgreen G, Taverne T, et al. Desmopressin resistant enuresis: pathogenic and therapeutic considerations. J Urol 1999; 162:2136-40.
22. Skoog SJ, Stokes A, Turner KL. Oral desmopressin: a randomized double-bind placebo controlled study of effectiveness in children with primary nocturnal enuresis. J Urol 1997;158:1035-40.
23. Moffat MEK, Harlos S, Kirshen AJ, Burd L. Desmopressin acetate and nocturnal enuresis: how much do we know? Pediatrics 1993;92:420-5.
24. Hjalmas K, Hanson E, Hellstrom AL, et al. Long term treatment with desmopressin in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: an open multicentre study. British J Urol 1998;82:704-9.
25. Chiozza ML, Del Gado R, Di Toro R,et al. Italian multicentre open trial on DDAVP spray in nocturnal enuresis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1999;33:42-8.
26. Molinari PP, Lambertini A, Giovannini G, et al. Iponatremia da trattamento con DDAVP. Medico e Bambino 1999;4:227-8.