Problemi non correnti
La sifilide congenita C’è ancora?
CONGENITAL SYPHILIS
ELISABETTA TRIDAPALLI1, ELISA MAZZONI1, MARIA GRAZIA CAPRETTI1, MARCELLO STELLA1, ANTONIETTA D’ANTUONO2, FRANCESCA NEGOSANTI2, VITTORIO SAMBRI3, MONICA SPARACINO3, ANTONELLA MARANGONI3, ALESSANDRA MORONI3, GIACOMO FALDELLA1, GIAN PAOLO SALVIOLI1
1Istituto Clinico di Pediatria Preventiva e Neonatologia,Università di Bologna
2Centro MTS Clinica Dermatologica, Università di Bologna
3DMCSS Sezione di Microbiologia, Università di Bologna
Dicembre 2003 - pagg. 663 -669
Abstract
Syphilis is a re-emerging infectious disease. Over the last decade, an increase in the incidence
of congenital syphilis has been observed, due to higher numbers of migrants, drug
users and sex workers among women in fertile age. Serologic screening should be performed
in all pregnant women. Appropriate treatment and follow-up should be ensured to all
affected women and children, taking into account that clinical manifestations of congenital
syphilis may appear years after birth.
Parole chiave
Suggerite dall'AI
Classificazione MeSH
Bibliografia
1. Sanchez PJ, Wendel GD, Norgard MV. Congenital
syphilis associated with negative results
of maternal serologic tests at delivery.
Am J Dis Child 1991;145:967.
2. CDC. Congenital syphilis United States
2000. MMWR 2001;50:27.
3. Wicher V, Wicher K. Pathogenesis of maternal- fetal syphilis revisited. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:354.
4. Fiumara NJ, Fleming WL, Downing JG, et al. The incidence of prenatal syphilis at the Boston City Hospital. N Engl J Med 1952;247:48.
5. Sanchez PJ, Wendel GD. Syphilis in pregnancy. Clin Perinatol 1997;24:71.
6. Wendel GD, Sanchez PJ, Peters MT, et al. Identification of Treponema pallidum in amniotic fluid and fetal blood from pregnancies complicated by congenital syphilis. Obstet Gynecol 1991;78:890.
7. Hollier L, Cox S. Syphilis. Sem Perinatol 1998;22:323.
8. Larsen SA, Steiner BM, Rudolph AH. Laboratory diagnosis and interpretation of tests for syphilis. Clin Microbiol Rev 1995;8:1-21.
9. Liu H, Rodes B, Chen CY, Steiner B. New test for syphilis: rational design of a PCR method for detection of Treponema pallidum in clinical specimens using unique regions of the DNA polymerase I gene. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:1941-6.
10. Evans HE, Frenkel LD. Congenital syphilis. Clin Perinatol 1994;21:149.
11. Rudolph AH, Larsen SA. Laboratory diagnosis of syphilis, unit 16-22A, p. 1-16. In: Demis DJ (ed). Clinical Dermatology. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott Co, 1993.
12. Ebel A, Bachelart LC, Alonso JM. Evaluation of a new competitive immunoassay (BioElisa Syphilis) for screening for Treponema pallidum antibodies at various stages of syphilis. J Clin Microbiol 1998;36:358-61.
13. Sambri V, Marangoni A, Eyer C, et al. Western Immunoblotting with five Treponema pallidum recombinant antigens for serologic diagnosis of syphilis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2001;8:534-9.
14. Gerber A, Krell S, Morenz J. Recombinant Treponema pallidum antigens in syphilis serology. Immunobiology 1997;196:535-49.
15. Byrne RE, Laska P, Bell M, et al. Evaluation of a Treponema pallidum Western immunoblot assay as a confirmatory test for syphilis. J Clin Microbiol 1992;33:115-22.
16. Salazar JC, Hazlett KRO, Radolf JD. The immune response to infection with Treponema pallidum, the stealth pathogen. Microb Infect 2002;4:113-140.
17. Lewis LL, Taber LH, Baughn RE. Evaluation of immunoglobulin M Western Blot analysis in the diagnosis of congenital syphilis. J Clin Microbiol 1990;28:296-302.
18. CDC. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment, Guidelines 2002. MMWR 2002;51:26.
19. Singh AE, Romanowski B. Syphilis: review with emphasis on clinical, epidemiologic, and some biologic features. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999;92:187-209.
20. Beeram MR, Chopde N, Dawood Y, et al. Lumbar puncture in the evaluation of possible asyntomatic congenital syphilis. J Pediatr 1996;128:125.
21. Ingall D, Sanchez JP. Syphilis. In: Remington JS, Klein JO (eds). Infectious diseases of the fetus and newborn infant, ed V. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 2001:643-81.
22. Moyer VA, Schneider V, Yetman R, et al. Contribution of long-bone radiographs to the management of congenital syphilis in the newborn infant. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998; 152:353.
23. American Academy of Pediatrics. Syphilis. In: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases (Red Book), 24th ed. Elk Grove Village, Ill, American Academy of Pediatrics, 2000.
2. CDC. Congenital syphilis United States
2000. MMWR 2001;50:27.
3. Wicher V, Wicher K. Pathogenesis of maternal- fetal syphilis revisited. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:354.
4. Fiumara NJ, Fleming WL, Downing JG, et al. The incidence of prenatal syphilis at the Boston City Hospital. N Engl J Med 1952;247:48.
5. Sanchez PJ, Wendel GD. Syphilis in pregnancy. Clin Perinatol 1997;24:71.
6. Wendel GD, Sanchez PJ, Peters MT, et al. Identification of Treponema pallidum in amniotic fluid and fetal blood from pregnancies complicated by congenital syphilis. Obstet Gynecol 1991;78:890.
7. Hollier L, Cox S. Syphilis. Sem Perinatol 1998;22:323.
8. Larsen SA, Steiner BM, Rudolph AH. Laboratory diagnosis and interpretation of tests for syphilis. Clin Microbiol Rev 1995;8:1-21.
9. Liu H, Rodes B, Chen CY, Steiner B. New test for syphilis: rational design of a PCR method for detection of Treponema pallidum in clinical specimens using unique regions of the DNA polymerase I gene. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:1941-6.
10. Evans HE, Frenkel LD. Congenital syphilis. Clin Perinatol 1994;21:149.
11. Rudolph AH, Larsen SA. Laboratory diagnosis of syphilis, unit 16-22A, p. 1-16. In: Demis DJ (ed). Clinical Dermatology. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott Co, 1993.
12. Ebel A, Bachelart LC, Alonso JM. Evaluation of a new competitive immunoassay (BioElisa Syphilis) for screening for Treponema pallidum antibodies at various stages of syphilis. J Clin Microbiol 1998;36:358-61.
13. Sambri V, Marangoni A, Eyer C, et al. Western Immunoblotting with five Treponema pallidum recombinant antigens for serologic diagnosis of syphilis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2001;8:534-9.
14. Gerber A, Krell S, Morenz J. Recombinant Treponema pallidum antigens in syphilis serology. Immunobiology 1997;196:535-49.
15. Byrne RE, Laska P, Bell M, et al. Evaluation of a Treponema pallidum Western immunoblot assay as a confirmatory test for syphilis. J Clin Microbiol 1992;33:115-22.
16. Salazar JC, Hazlett KRO, Radolf JD. The immune response to infection with Treponema pallidum, the stealth pathogen. Microb Infect 2002;4:113-140.
17. Lewis LL, Taber LH, Baughn RE. Evaluation of immunoglobulin M Western Blot analysis in the diagnosis of congenital syphilis. J Clin Microbiol 1990;28:296-302.
18. CDC. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment, Guidelines 2002. MMWR 2002;51:26.
19. Singh AE, Romanowski B. Syphilis: review with emphasis on clinical, epidemiologic, and some biologic features. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999;92:187-209.
20. Beeram MR, Chopde N, Dawood Y, et al. Lumbar puncture in the evaluation of possible asyntomatic congenital syphilis. J Pediatr 1996;128:125.
21. Ingall D, Sanchez JP. Syphilis. In: Remington JS, Klein JO (eds). Infectious diseases of the fetus and newborn infant, ed V. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 2001:643-81.
22. Moyer VA, Schneider V, Yetman R, et al. Contribution of long-bone radiographs to the management of congenital syphilis in the newborn infant. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998; 152:353.
23. American Academy of Pediatrics. Syphilis. In: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases (Red Book), 24th ed. Elk Grove Village, Ill, American Academy of Pediatrics, 2000.