Controversie
I cibi solidi nella dieta del bambino. Serve tardarne l’introduzione ai fini della prevenzione delle allergie?
INTRODUCTION OF COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING IN CHILDREN: COULD BE THE DELAY A REAL STRATEGY OF PREVENTION OF ALLERGY?
STEFANO MICELI SOPO
Dipartimento di Scienze Pediatriche, Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma
Gennaio 2008 - pagg. 21 -26
Abstract
There is a lack of evidence about the timing of introduction of solids in the infant diet especially regarding the possibility that a delay of introduction of particular allergenic food could prevent the development of food allergy in children. In this debate the author underlines that for all infants complementary feeding has to be introduced from the sixth month of life because until this time weaning does not seem to be necessary for nutritional need of children. After this time, there is no evidence that a fast introduction of solids is clearly related to a high risk of development of allergy in children (not even with assessed risk of allergy).
Parole chiave
Suggerite dall'AI
Classificazione MeSH
Bibliografia
1. Miceli Sopo S. La prevenzione delle allergie:
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4. Maloney JM, Sampson HA, Sicherer SH, Burks WA. Food allergy and the introduction of solid foods to infants: a consensus document (letter). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2006;97:559-60.
5. Host A, Koletzko B, Dreborg S, et al. Dietary products used in infants for treatment and prevention of food allergy: joint statement of the European Society for Paediatric Allergology and Clinical Immunology (ESPACI) Committee on Hypoallergenic Formulas and the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. Arch Dis Child 1999;81:80-4.
6. Fiocchi A, Assa’ad A, Bahna S, for the Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Food allergy and the introduction of solid foods to infants: a consensus document (reply). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2006;97:561-2.
7. Tarini BA, Carroll AE, Sox CM, Christakis DA. Systematic review of the relationship between early introduction of solid foods to infants and the development of allergic disease. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006;160: 502-7.
8. Wood RA. Prospects for the prevention of allergy. A losing battle or a battle still worth fighting? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006; 106:552-4.
9. Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Shannon FT. Early solid feeding and recurrent child-hood eczema: a 10-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics 1990;86:541-6.
10. Zutavern A, von Mutius E, Harris J, et al. The introduction of solids in relation to asthma and eczema. Arch Dis Child 2004;89:303-8.
11. Forsyth JS, Ogston SA, Clark A, Florey CD, Howie PW. Relation between early introduction of solid food to infants and their weight and illnesses during the first two years of life. BMJ 1993;306:1572-6.
12. Poysa L, Korppi M, Remes K, Juntunen- Backman K. Atopy in childhood and diet in infancy. A nine-year follow-up study. I. Clinical manifestations. Allergy Proc 1991;12:107-11
13. Schoetzau A, Filipiak-Pittroff B, Franke K, et al. and German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study Group. Effect of exclusive breastfeeding and early solid food avoidance on the incidence of atopic dermatitis in high-risk infants at 1 year of age. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2002;13:234-42.
14. von Berg A, Koletzko S, Grubl A, et al. and German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study Group. The effect of hydrolyzed cow’s milk formula for allergy prevention in the first year of life: the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study, a randomized doubleblind trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;111: 533-40.
15. Zutavern A, Brockow I, Schaaf B, et al. and the LISA Study Group. Timing of solid food introduction in relation to atopic dermatitis and atopic sensitization: results from a prospective birth cohort study. Pediatrics 2006;117;401-11.
16. Poole JA, Barriga K, Leung DYM, et al. Timing of initial exposure to cereal grains and the risk of wheat allergy. Pediatrics 2006;117:2175-82.
17. Kull I, Bergstrçm A, Lilja G, Pershagen G, Wickman M. Fish consumption during the first year of life and development of allergic diseases during childhood. Allergy 2006: 61:1009-15.
18. Saarinen UM, Kajosaari M. Does dietary elimination in infancy prevent or only postpone a food allergy? A study of fish and citrus allergy in 375 children. Lancet 1980;1:166-7.
19. Filipiak B, Zutavern A, Koletzko S, et al and GINI-Group. Solid food introduction in relation to eczema: results from a four-year prospective birth cohort study. J Pediatr 2007;151:352-8.
20. Estrada-Reyesa E, Pardo-Castañeda MG, Toledo-Bahena ME, Lerma-Ortiz ML, del Río-Navarro B, Nava-Ocampo AA. A casecontrol study of food hyper-sensitivity, timing of weaning and family history of allergies in young children with atopic dermatitis. Allergol Immunopathol 2007;35:101-4.
21. Morgan J, Williams P, Norris F, Williams CM, Larkin M, Hampton S. Eczema and early solid feeding in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child 2004;89:309-14.
22. Prescott SL, Tang MLK. The Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy position statement: summary of allergy prevention in children. MJA 2005;182:464-7.
2. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition. Hypoallergenic infant formulas. Pediatrics 2000;106:346-9.
3. Fiocchi A, Assa’ad A, Bahna S, for the Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Food allergy and the introduction of solid foods to infants: a consensus document. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2006; 97:10-21.
4. Maloney JM, Sampson HA, Sicherer SH, Burks WA. Food allergy and the introduction of solid foods to infants: a consensus document (letter). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2006;97:559-60.
5. Host A, Koletzko B, Dreborg S, et al. Dietary products used in infants for treatment and prevention of food allergy: joint statement of the European Society for Paediatric Allergology and Clinical Immunology (ESPACI) Committee on Hypoallergenic Formulas and the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. Arch Dis Child 1999;81:80-4.
6. Fiocchi A, Assa’ad A, Bahna S, for the Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Food allergy and the introduction of solid foods to infants: a consensus document (reply). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2006;97:561-2.
7. Tarini BA, Carroll AE, Sox CM, Christakis DA. Systematic review of the relationship between early introduction of solid foods to infants and the development of allergic disease. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006;160: 502-7.
8. Wood RA. Prospects for the prevention of allergy. A losing battle or a battle still worth fighting? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006; 106:552-4.
9. Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Shannon FT. Early solid feeding and recurrent child-hood eczema: a 10-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics 1990;86:541-6.
10. Zutavern A, von Mutius E, Harris J, et al. The introduction of solids in relation to asthma and eczema. Arch Dis Child 2004;89:303-8.
11. Forsyth JS, Ogston SA, Clark A, Florey CD, Howie PW. Relation between early introduction of solid food to infants and their weight and illnesses during the first two years of life. BMJ 1993;306:1572-6.
12. Poysa L, Korppi M, Remes K, Juntunen- Backman K. Atopy in childhood and diet in infancy. A nine-year follow-up study. I. Clinical manifestations. Allergy Proc 1991;12:107-11
13. Schoetzau A, Filipiak-Pittroff B, Franke K, et al. and German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study Group. Effect of exclusive breastfeeding and early solid food avoidance on the incidence of atopic dermatitis in high-risk infants at 1 year of age. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2002;13:234-42.
14. von Berg A, Koletzko S, Grubl A, et al. and German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study Group. The effect of hydrolyzed cow’s milk formula for allergy prevention in the first year of life: the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study, a randomized doubleblind trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;111: 533-40.
15. Zutavern A, Brockow I, Schaaf B, et al. and the LISA Study Group. Timing of solid food introduction in relation to atopic dermatitis and atopic sensitization: results from a prospective birth cohort study. Pediatrics 2006;117;401-11.
16. Poole JA, Barriga K, Leung DYM, et al. Timing of initial exposure to cereal grains and the risk of wheat allergy. Pediatrics 2006;117:2175-82.
17. Kull I, Bergstrçm A, Lilja G, Pershagen G, Wickman M. Fish consumption during the first year of life and development of allergic diseases during childhood. Allergy 2006: 61:1009-15.
18. Saarinen UM, Kajosaari M. Does dietary elimination in infancy prevent or only postpone a food allergy? A study of fish and citrus allergy in 375 children. Lancet 1980;1:166-7.
19. Filipiak B, Zutavern A, Koletzko S, et al and GINI-Group. Solid food introduction in relation to eczema: results from a four-year prospective birth cohort study. J Pediatr 2007;151:352-8.
20. Estrada-Reyesa E, Pardo-Castañeda MG, Toledo-Bahena ME, Lerma-Ortiz ML, del Río-Navarro B, Nava-Ocampo AA. A casecontrol study of food hyper-sensitivity, timing of weaning and family history of allergies in young children with atopic dermatitis. Allergol Immunopathol 2007;35:101-4.
21. Morgan J, Williams P, Norris F, Williams CM, Larkin M, Hampton S. Eczema and early solid feeding in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child 2004;89:309-14.
22. Prescott SL, Tang MLK. The Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy position statement: summary of allergy prevention in children. MJA 2005;182:464-7.
Corrispondenza: smicelisopo@rm.unicatt.it