Problemi speciali
Lo stroke in età pediatrica
STROKE IN PAEDIATRIC AGE
Emilio Franzoni, Grazia Gabriella Salerno, Viola Valenti, Caterina Garone, Ilaria Cecconi, Duccio Maria Cordelli, Valentina Marchiani
UO di Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Policlinico S. Orsola - Malpighi, Università di Bologna
Novembre 2009 - pagg. 566 -571
Abstract
According to the definition given by WHO, stroke is a clinical syndrome characterized by
rapid appearance of a focal neurologic deficit lasting more than 24 hours and determined
by arterial or venous occlusion or rupture. The incidence of stroke is about 3-10/100,000
children, mainly in neonatal period. Stroke is among the top ten causes of death in
childhood, it is more common than brain tumor and it represents a major cause of disability
in children. The identification of the main arteriosclerosis risk factors in adults (diabetes,
smoke and hypertension) allowed to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies for
them, whereas in pediatric age the knowledge of risk factors, etiology and treatment are
still limited. Some risk factors have been identified, but in about 25% of cases the stroke
is cryptogenic. Nevertheless, there are many factors that may lead to an onset of stroke in
children and therefore accurate diagnostic tests are essential to identify causes, to activate
timely therapies and to reduce risks of relapse. Detecting the causes of ischemic events does
not only mean being able to choose the proper therapeutic treatment, but also enables to
identify those patients risking relapse and therefore influences secondary prevention.
Classificazione MeSH
Bibliografia
1. http://www.sip.it/documenti//LG_STROKE_
ULTIMA_REVISIONE_GIUGNO_08.pdf.
2. Pavone L, T rifiletti RR. Stroke in children. It J Pediatr 2007;33:246-9.
3. Mackay MT, Gordon A. Stroke in children. Reprinted from Australian Family Physician 2007;38:896-902.
4. Matta AP, Galvão KR, Oliveira BS. Cerebrovascular disorders in childhood: etiology, clinical presentation, and neuroimaging findings in a case series study. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2006;64:181-5.
5. Palmieri A, Savasta S, Zampogna S, et al. Diagnosi e terapia dello stroke ischemico pediatrico in fase acuta. Area Pediatrica 2008;8: 21-7.
6. Ashwal SS, Ferriero DM. Pediatric Neurology. Principles & Practice, 4°ed, 2°vol: Chapter 72.
7. Boardman JP, Ganesan V, Ruthenford MA, Saunders DE, Mercuri E, Cowan F. Magnetic resonance correlates of hemipareisis after neonatal and childhood middle cerebral artery stroke. Pediatrics 2005;115:321-6.
8. Bastianello S, Luccichenti G. L’imaging di diffusione con risonanza magnetica nell’ictus ischemico. Neurol Sci 2004;25:S427-9.
9. Seidman C, Kirkham F, Pavlakis S. Pediatric stroke: current developments. Curr Opin Pediatr 2007;19:657-62.
10. The Royal College of Physicians, Paediatric Stroke Working Group. Stroke in childhood-Clinical guidelines for diagnosis, management and rehabilitation. http:// www rcplondon acuk/pubs/books/childstroke/ 2004; Available at: URL: http://www. rcplondon.ac.uk/zubs/books/childstroke/. Accessed June 15, 2006.
11. Monagle P, Chan A, Massicotte P, Chalmerss E, Michlson AD. Antithrombotic therapy in children. The seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 2004;126:645S-87S.
2. Pavone L, T rifiletti RR. Stroke in children. It J Pediatr 2007;33:246-9.
3. Mackay MT, Gordon A. Stroke in children. Reprinted from Australian Family Physician 2007;38:896-902.
4. Matta AP, Galvão KR, Oliveira BS. Cerebrovascular disorders in childhood: etiology, clinical presentation, and neuroimaging findings in a case series study. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2006;64:181-5.
5. Palmieri A, Savasta S, Zampogna S, et al. Diagnosi e terapia dello stroke ischemico pediatrico in fase acuta. Area Pediatrica 2008;8: 21-7.
6. Ashwal SS, Ferriero DM. Pediatric Neurology. Principles & Practice, 4°ed, 2°vol: Chapter 72.
7. Boardman JP, Ganesan V, Ruthenford MA, Saunders DE, Mercuri E, Cowan F. Magnetic resonance correlates of hemipareisis after neonatal and childhood middle cerebral artery stroke. Pediatrics 2005;115:321-6.
8. Bastianello S, Luccichenti G. L’imaging di diffusione con risonanza magnetica nell’ictus ischemico. Neurol Sci 2004;25:S427-9.
9. Seidman C, Kirkham F, Pavlakis S. Pediatric stroke: current developments. Curr Opin Pediatr 2007;19:657-62.
10. The Royal College of Physicians, Paediatric Stroke Working Group. Stroke in childhood-Clinical guidelines for diagnosis, management and rehabilitation. http:// www rcplondon acuk/pubs/books/childstroke/ 2004; Available at: URL: http://www. rcplondon.ac.uk/zubs/books/childstroke/. Accessed June 15, 2006.
11. Monagle P, Chan A, Massicotte P, Chalmerss E, Michlson AD. Antithrombotic therapy in children. The seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 2004;126:645S-87S.
Corrispondenza: caterina.garone@gmail.com