Aggiornamento
Le scale per la valutazione del dolore neonatale
Neonatal pain Assessment scales: a review
Cecilia Domenicali1, Elisa Ballardini1,2, Giampaolo Garani2, Caterina Borgna-Pignatti1, Marco Dondi3
1Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale (Sezione di Pediatria), Università di Ferrara
2UO TIN e Neonatologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Anna, Ferrara
3Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici e Centro di Neuroscienze, Università di Ferrara
Aprile 2014 - pagg. 223 -231
Abstract
Contrary to what was believed in the past, a newborn can experience pain. Anatomic
structures involved in nociception are already mature at birth and now it is known that
the recurrence of painful stimulations in a precocious period of brain development can
alter the future processing of harmful stimuli. Nevertheless, the newborn’s pain is not
easy to evaluate, because the neonate is a pre-verbal patient who cannot communicate
their own pain but needs the assessment of an observer. For this reason, in recent years
a lot of algometric scales have been developed, including both physiological and behavioural
indicators; however, none of these scales has been recognized as the “gold
standard”. The purpose of this review is to present the most important pain assessment
scales (NFCS, EDIN, FLACC, COMFORT, CRIES, PIPP, and NIPS), in order to realize a
simple and synthetic guide for their use in the clinical practice. The paper describes the
context in which they have been validated and how they have been used subsequently,
with the hope to raise interest in and draw attention to such an important matter.
Classificazione MeSH
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Corrispondenza: marco.dondi@unife.it