Problemi speciali
La comorbiditŕ cefalea-epilessia nel bambino: revisione critica dei dati della letteratura
Headache and epilepsy comorbidity in children: a critical review of the literature
Salvatore Barca1, Vincenzo Belcastro2, Pasquale Striano3, Pasquale Parisi4
1UO di Pediatria; 2Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedale S. Anna di Como; 3UO Neurologia Pediatrica e Malattie Muscolari, DINOGMI - Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili, Istituto “G. Gaslini”, Universitŕ di Genova; 4Dipartimento NESMOS, Universitŕ “Sapienza” di Roma, Ospedale “S. Andrea”, Roma
Maggio 2014 - pagg. 304 -308
Abstract
Headache and epilepsy are both chronic neurologic disorders with episodic manifestations
and typical symptoms that enable to distinguish between them in most of the cases. Rarely,
migraine with headache and/or tension-type headache may be the sole symptom of an epileptic
seizure. The comorbidity epilepsy/headache is very frequent in children affected by
epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS), juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and idiopathic
occipital lobe epilepsies. The overall prevalence of headache in children with epilepsy
ranges from 8% to 15%, showing even higher values on the EEG, namely 63% in children
presenting with centrotemporal spikes and 33% in children with absences. The term
ictal epileptic headache has been recently introduced to describe the very rare clinical condition
in which migraine/headache is the only symptom of an epileptic seizure. Although
the comorbidity epilepsy/headache is frequent, epileptic migraine is very rare. Therefore,
it is important to suspect, recognize and diagnose such a clinical case to avoid making
wrong diagnosis and prescribing too many radiological tests. The correct diagnostic criteria
suggested for ictal epileptic headache can help the clinician diagnose epileptic headache
in children.
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Corrispondenza: vincenzobelcastro@libero.it