Articolo speciale
La resilienza: una risorsa da valorizzare
Resilience: a resource to be nurtured
Giuseppe Masera1, Antonella Delle Fave2
1Clinica Pediatrica dell’Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza
2Professore Ordinario di Psicologia Generale, Università degli Studi di Milano
Giugno 2015 - pagg. 360 -368
Abstract
During the last few years, the term resilience has become popular in common language
and public discourse within a variety of domains, from psychology to medicine, from
economics to ecology. However, its meaning is often misunderstood and generalized as
an unspecific tendency to resist life upheavals and problems. Through theoretical models
and empirical studies researchers have attempted to define resilience more rigorously,
investigating its relationship with personal growth, mental health and successful adjustment
in suboptimal health conditions or disadvantaged social circumstances. This article
addresses these issues from the research and clinical perspectives, specifically focusing
on the role of resilience in coping with chronic disease during childhood and adolescence.
Based on Giulio D’Angio’s claim that “cure is not enough”, the need for a new paradigm
in paediatrics, centred on the support and promotion of patients’ psychological
and relational strengths and resources is discussed and documented through clinical evidence
and research findings.
Parole chiave
Suggerite dall'AI
Classificazione MeSH
Contenuto riservato
Per leggere l'articolo completo è necessario effettuare il login.
Non sei ancora registrato? Registrati
Bibliografia
1. Masten AS, Reed MGJ. Resilience in development.
In: Snyder CR, Lopez SJ (Eds).
Handbook of Positive Psychology, New
York: Oxford University Press, 2002:256-76.
2. Rolland JS, Walsh F. Facilitating family resilience
with childhood illness and disability.
Ped Opin 2006;18:1-11.
3. Luthar SS. Resilience in development: a
synthesis of research across five decades. In:
Cicchetti D, Cohen DJ (Eds). Developmental
Psychopathology: Risk, Disorder, and Adaptation,
Vol. 3, 2nd Ed. Hoboken: Wiley & Sons,
2006:739-95.
4. Zautra, AJ, Stuart Hall, J, Murray KE. Resilience.
A new definition of health for people
and communities. In: Reich JW, Zautra AJ,
Stuart Hall J (Eds). The Handbook of Adult
Resilience. New York: Guilford Press, 2012:
3-29.
5. Weinberg N. Another perspective: Attitudes
of people with disabilities. In: Yuker HE
(Ed). Attitudes toward persons with disabilities.
New York: Springer, 1988:141-53.
6. Pinkel D. Five-year follow-up of “total therapy”
of childhood lymphocytic leukemia. JAMA
1971;216(4):648-52.
7. Henze G, Langermann HJ, Brämswig J, et
al. The BFM 76/79 acute lymphoblastic leukemia
therapy study (author’s transl). Klin
Paediatr 1981;193(3):145-54.
8. Henze G, Langermann HJ, Ritter J, Schellong
G, Riehm H. Treatment strategy for different
risk groups in childhood acute
lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the
BFM Study Group. Haematol Blood Transfus
1981;26:87-93.
9. Conter V, Valsecchi MG, Parasole R, et al.
Childhood high-risk acute lymphoblastic
leukemia in first remission: results after chemotherapy
or transplant from the AIEOP
ALL 2000 study. Blood 2014;123(10):1470-8.
10. D’Angio GJ. Pediatric cancer in perspective:
cure is not enough. Cancer 1975;35(3
suppl):866-70.
11. Smith SK, Zimmerman S, Williams CS, et
al. Post-traumatic stress symptoms in longterm
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma survivors:
does time heal? J Clin Oncol 2011;29(34):
4526-33.
12. Kinahan KE, Sharp LK, Seidel K, et al.
Scarring, disfigurement, and quality of life in
long-term survivors of childhood cancer: a
report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor
Study. J Clin Oncol 2012;30(20):2466-74.
13. Parry C, Chesler MA. Thematic evidence
of psychosocial thriving in childhood cancer
survivors. Qual Health Res 2005;15(8):1055-
73.
14. Zebrack BJ, Stuber ML, Meeske KA, et al.
Perceived positive impact of cancer among
long-term survivors of childhood cancer: a report
from the Childhood Cancer Survivor
Study. Psychooncology 2012;21(6):630-9.
15. Zannini L, Cattaneo C, Jankovic M, Masera
G. Surviving childhood leukemia in a Latin
culture: an explorative study based on young
adults’ written narratives. J Psychosoc Oncol
2014;32(5):576-601.
16. Masera G, Jankovic M. Noi ragazzi guariti.
Ed. Ancora, 2008.
17. Phipps S, Klosky JL, Long A, et al. Posttraumatic
stress and psychological growth in
children with cancer: has the traumatic impact
of cancer been overestimated? J Clin
Oncol 2014;32(7):641-6.
18. Masera G, Chesler M, Zebrack B, D’Angio
GJ. Cure is not enough: one slogan, two
paradigms for pediatric oncology. Pediatr
Blood Cancer 2013;60(7):1069-70.
19. Di Palma A, Vullo C, Zani B, Facchini A.
Psychosocial integration of adolescents and
young adults with thalassemia major. Ann N
Y Acad Sci 1998;850:355-60.
20. Zani B, Prati G. Psychosocial functioning
in adults with beta-thalassaemia major: evidence
for resilience. J Health Psychol 2015;
20(4):380-92.
21. Dunn D, Dougherty S. Prospects for a positive
psychology of rehabilitation. Rehab
Psychol 2005;50:305-11.
22. Skevington S, McCrate F. Expecting a
good quality of life in health: assessing people
with diverse diseases and conditions
using the WHOQOL-BREF. Health Expect
2011;15:49-62.
23. Stanton AL, Revenson TA, Tennen H.
Health Psychology: psychological adjustment
to chronic disease. Ann Rev Psychol
2007;58:565-92.
24. Rutterford NA, Wood R. Evaluating a
theory of stress and adjustment when predicting
long-term psychosocial outcome after
brain injury. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2006;
12:359-67.
25. Seligman ME, Csikszentmihalyi M. Positive
psychology. An introduction. Am Psychol
2000;55:5-14.
26. Delle Fave A, Brdar I, Freire T, Vella-Brodrick
DA, Wissing MP. The Eudaimonic and
hedonic components of happiness: qualitative
and quantitative findings. Soc Ind Res
2011;100:185-209.
27. Delle Fave A, Bassi M. Psicologia e salute.
Esperienze e risorse dei protagonisti della
cura. Torino: UTET Università, 2013.
28. Solberg Nes L, Segerstrom SC. Dispositional
optimism and coping: a meta-analytic
review. Pers Soc Psychol Rev 2006;10:235-51.
29. Folkman S, Greer S. Promoting psychological
well-being in the face of serious illness:
when theory, research and practice inform
each other. Psycho-Oncol 2000;9:11-9.
30. Joseph S, Linley PA. Positive adjustment
to threatening events: an organismic valuing
theory of growth through adversity. Rev Gen
Psychol 2005;9:262-80.
31. Morris BA, Shakespeare-Finch J. Rumination,
post-traumatic growth, and distress:
Structural equation modeling with cancer
survivors. Psycho-Oncol 2011;20:1176-83.
32. Scrignaro M, Barni S, Magrin E. The
combined contribution of social support and
coping strategies in predicting post-traumatic
growth: A longitudinal study on cancer patients.
Psycho-Oncol 2009;20:823-31.
33. Lechner S, Tennen H, Affleck G. Benefitfinding
and growth. In: Lopez S, Snyder C
(Eds). Oxford handbook of positive psychology,
2nd Ed. New York: Oxford University
Press, 2009:633-40.
34. Sodergren SC, Hyland ME. What are the
positive consequences of illness? Psychol &
Health 2000;15:85-97.
35. Nosenzo MA, Colombo F, Corsi F, et al.
Neoplasia mammaria e mobilizzazione di risorse
personali e relazionali. Psicologia della
Salute 2008;1:9-22.
36. Bassi M, Falautano M, Cilia S, et al. The
coexistence of well- and ill-being in persons
with multiple sclerosis, their caregivers and
health professionals. J Neurol Sci 2014;337:
67-73.
37. Delle Fave A, Massimini F. The investigation
of optimal experience and apathy: Developmental
and psychosocial implications. Eur
Psychol 2005;10:264-74.
38. Massimini F, Delle Fave A. Individual development
in a bio-cultural perspective. Am
Psychol 2000;55:24-33.
39. Bassi M, Ferrario N, Ba G, Delle Fave A,
Viganò C. Quality of experience during psychosocial
rehabilitation: a real-time investigation
with experience sampling method. Psych
Rehab J 2012;35:447-53.
40. Cortinovis I, Luraschi E, Intini S, Sessa
M, Delle Fave A. The daily experience of
people with achondroplasia. Appl Psychol:
Health and Well-Being 2011;3(2):207-27.
41. Sartori RDG, Marelli M, Garavaglia P, Castelli
L, Busin S, Delle Fave A. The assessment
of patients’ quality of experience: Autonomy
level and perceived challenges.
Rehab Psychol 2014;59(3):266-77.
42. World Health Organization. International
Classification of Functioning, Disability and
Health (ICF). Geneva, Switzerland: World
Health Organization, 2001.
Corrispondenza: g.masera@hsgerardo.org