Caso contributivo
Febbre e gengivostomatite: non è sempre solo herpes simplex
Gingivostomatitis associated with fever: it is not always a case of primary herpes simplex infection
Sofia Arnaboldi
Fondazione IRCCS “San Gerardo dei Tintori”, Monza; Scuola di Specializzazione in Pediatria, Università di Milano-Bicocca
Maggio 2023 | DOI: 10.53126/MEBXXVIMG076
Abstract
Gingivostomatitis is a clinical condition frequently diagnosed by the family paediatrician and it generally shows a viral aetiology. In particular, primary herpes simplex infection is the most frequent cause of gingivostomatitis in toddlers and it typically presents with fever and gingival/oral inflammation and ulcerations. Besides, gingivostomatitis and fever can be present at the onset of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), a rare type of childhood cancer with an incidence of 7 cases per 1 million children < 15 years. This paper describes the case of a 3-year-old boy who presented with fever and gingivostomatitis initially misdiagnosed as a primary herpetic infection, while it turned out to be a clinical onset of an AML with hyperleukocytosis, a condition at high-risk of mortality.
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