Rivista di formazione e aggiornamento professionale del pediatra e del medico di base, fondata nel 1982. In collaborazione con l'Associazione Culturale Pediatri.
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Sintomi atipici dei tumori del sistema nervoso centrale in età pediatrica

Atypical symptoms in paediatrica central nervous system tumors

Federica Pignataro1, Enrico Scisci1, Teresa Perillo2, Nicola Santoro2
1Scuola di Specializzazione in Pediatria,
2Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana (DIMO), Sezione Pediatrica, Università “A. Moro”, Bari

Febbraio 2025 | DOI: 10.53126/MEBXXVIIIF37

Abstract
Paediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumours are the second most common cancer in the 0 to 14 age group; additionally, they constitute the main cause of morbidity and death associated to cancer. Although intracranial hypertension-related and localization-related symptoms are the most frequent clinical features, onset symptoms may be nonspecific. Hence, a more accurate differential diagnosis is required. This paper presents nine cases of paediatric CNS tumour with atypical clinical onset. The first, a ganglioglioma, manifested as precocious puberty; the second, a pilocytic astrocytoma, presented with memory loss; the third, a medulloblastoma, initially manifested as dysphagia; the fourth, a pilocytic astrocytoma, presented with scoliosis; the fifth one, an ependymoma, manifested as a persistent back pain; the sixth, a low-grade glioma of the optic pathway, presented with an early pathological childhood nystagmus; the seventh showed symptoms of an urinary tract infection that hid the presence of an ependymoma; the eighth and the ninth presented with psychiatric symptoms in adolescence that concealed the presence of a pilocytic astrocytoma and a CNS germinoma. This research aims to emphasise the importance of recognising diverse onset symptoms to allow a prompt diagnosis and early treatment and ultimately to improve patient outcome.
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