Ricerca
Alimentazione complementare nel primo anno di vita
COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING PRACTICES: A SURVEY AMONG ITALIAN PAEDIATRICIANS IN THE PROVINCE OF REGGIO EMILIA
ALESSANDRO VOLTA1, COSTANTINO PANZA2, CIRO CAPUANO1, EMANUELA FERRARONI1, DANIELA NOVELLI1
1Servizio Salute Infanzia,
2Pediatra di famiglia Dipartimento Cure Primarie, Distretto di Montecchio Emilia (AUSL di Reggio Emilia)
Settembre 2006 - pagg. 445 -450
Abstract
The introduction of complementary food is a critical phase in a child growth. The behaviours of family paediatricians in the province of Reggio Emilia (Italy), with regard to complementary feeding has been investigated by means of a written questionnaire. Our survey showed a high variability in the advice offered to families and an incomplete adhesion to the international recommendations regarding infant complementary nutrition.
Parole chiave
Suggerite dall'AI
Classificazione MeSH
Bibliografia
Global
Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding.
The Optimal duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding.
Geneva, Switzerland: World Health
Organization; 2001.
2. American Academy of Pediatrics. Policy Statement. Section on Breastfeeding. Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk. Pediatrics 2005;115:496-506.
3. United Nations Children’s Fund. Breastfeeding: Foundation for a Healty Future. New York, NY: United Nations Children’s Fund, 1999.
4. WHO. Regional Office for Europe. Michaelsen KF, Wearer L, Branca F, Robertson A (eds). Feeding and Nutrition of Infant and Young Children: guidelines for the WHO European Region, with emphasis on the former Soviet Countries. Copenhagen: WHO; 2000
5. SIN. Commissione Consultiva sulla Promozione dell’Allattamento Materno. Raccomandazioni sull’allattamento materno per i nati a termine, di peso appropriato, sani. Medico e Bambino 2002;21(2):91-8
6. EU Project on Promotion of Breastfeeding in Europe. Protection, Promotion and Support of Breastfeeding in Europe: a blueprint for Action. European Commission, Directorate Public Health and Risk Assessment, Luxembourg,
2004. URL: http://ec.europa.eu/ health/ph_projects/2002/promotion/promotion_ 2002_18_en.htm
7. Pan American Health Organization - World Health Organization. Guiding Principles for Complementary feeding of the breastfed Child. Washington; WHO, 2003. URL: http://www.who.int/child/adolescent/health /New_Publications/NUTRITION/guiding_pr inciples.pdf
8. Devoto G, Oli GL. Il dizionario della lingua italiana. Firenze: Le Monnier, 2000.
9. Hervada AR, Newman DR. Weaning: Historical Perspective, Practical Recommendations, and current Controversies. Curr Probl Pediatr 1992;22(5):223-40.
10. Pediatric Nutrition Handbook. 4th ed. Kleinman RE (ed). Elk Grove, Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics, 1998.
11. Overby KJ. Sorveglianza della salute pediatrica. In: Rudolph AM, Kamei RK, Overbj KJ (eds). Manuale di Pediatria (Ed It) III ed. Milano, 2003.
12. Piermarini L. Autosvezzamento. Medico e Bambino 2002;21(7):268-70.
13. Azienda Unità Sanitaria di Reggio Emilia - Dipartimento di Cure Primarie - Distretto di Montecchio Emilia. Alimentazione Complementare nel primo anno di vita. http:// www.ausl.re.it/Home/DocumentViewer.aspx ?TIPODOC=IAP&ID=988
14. Giovannini M, Riva F, Banderali G, et al. Feeding practices of infant throught the first year of life in Italy. Acta Paediatr 2004;93(4): 492-7.
15. Savino F, Zannino L, Laccisaglia A, et al. Infant Nutritional Recommendations from Pediatricians. Epidemiologic Survey of Feeding Recommendations for the first year of life in Piedmont. Minerva Pediatr 2004;56:73-82.
16. Wright CM, Parkinson KN, Drewett RF. Why are babies weaned early? Data from a prospective population based cohort study. Arch Dis Child 2004;89:813-6.
17. Bosscher D, Van Cauwenbergh R, Van der Auwera JC, Robberecht H, Ceelstra H. Calcium, Iron and Zinc availability from weaning meals. Acta Paediatr 2002;91:761-8.
18. Cohen RJ, Brown KH. Effect of age of introduction of complementary foods on infant breast milk intake, total energy intake, and growth: a randomised intervention study in Honduras. Lancet 1994;344:288.
19. Dewey GK. Nutrition, Growth, and complementary feeling of the breasfeed infant. Pediatr Clin North Am 2001;48:87-104.
20. World Health Organization. The WHO Child Growth Standards. http://www.who. int/childgrowth/en/
21. Kramer MS, Kakuma R. The optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding: a sistematic review. Geneva WHO; 2002. URL: http:// www.who.int/child-adolescent-health/ New_Publications/NUTRITION/WHO_CAH _01_23.pdf
22. Regione Emilia Romagna e CeVEAS. Allattamento al seno. Strumenti per facilitare il cambiamento delle pratiche assistenziali. http://www.saperidoc .it/str_ques_12.html
23. SaperiDoc - Centro di documentazione sulla salute perinatale e riproduttiva. Efficacia degli interventi di promozione dell’avvio dell’allattamento al seno. http://www.saperidoc.it/ file/106_2.pdf
24. Biblioteca del Comune di Formigine. Progetto allattamento. http://www.comune.formigine. mo.it/cms/pagina.do?task=show&idpagina= 20817
25. MAMI. Gruppi di auto-aiuto. http://wwwpgtu. ing.unifi.it/mami/gruppi.htm
26. Curran JS, Barness LA. Alimentazione del neonato e del bambino. In: Beherman RE, Kliegman RM, Jenson HA (eds). Nelson Trattato di Pediatria, XVI Ed. it, Torino, 2002.
27. Miceli Sopo S. La prevenzione delle allergie: il “Timing” dei cibi. Rivista di Immunologia e Allergologia Pediatrica (RIAP) 2004;1:7-12.
28. Norris JM, Barriga K, Hoffenberg EJ, et al. Risk of celiac disease autoimmunity and timing of gluten introduction in the diet of infants at increased risk of disease. JAMA 2005; 293(19):2410-2.
29. Farrell RJ. Infant gluten and celiac disease: too early, too late too much, too many questions. JAMA 2005;293(19):2410-2.
30. Mennella JA, Jagnow CP, Beauchamp GK. Prenatal and Postnatal Flavor Learning by Human Infants. Pediatrics 2001;107(6):E88.
31. Schaal B, Marlier L, Soussignan R. Human Foetuses Learn Odours from their Pregnant Mother’s Diet. Chem Senses 2000;25(6):729- 37.
32. Mennella JA, Beauchamp GK. Maternal diet Alters the Sensory Qualities of Human Milk and the Nursling’s Behavior. Pediatrics 1991;88(4):737-44.
33. Touger-Decker R, van Loveren C. Sugars and dental caries. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78 (4):881S-892S. http://www.ajcn.org/ cgi/content/ full/78/4/881S
34. Jones DW. Dietary Sodium and Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2004;43:932-5.
35. Zinner SH, McGarvey ST, Lipsitt LP, Rosner R. Neonatal Blood Pressure and Salt Responsiveness. Hypertension 2002;40:280-5.
36. Couch SC, Daniels SR. Diet and blood pressure in children. Curr Opin Pediatr 2005; 17(5):642-7.
37. Heird WC, Ziegler P, Reidy K, Briefel R. Current electrolyte intakes of infants and toodlers. J Am Diet Assoc 2006;106(1-1)S43-51.
38. Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, et al. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:3-10.
39. Montanari M. Il cibo come cultura. Bari: Laterza, 2004.
40. Cavalli Sforza LL. L’evoluzione della cultura. Torino: Codice ed, 2004.
41. Fabietti U. Elementi di antropologia culturale. Milano: Mondadori, 2004.
42. Child and Adolescent Health and Development - World Health Organization. Complementary Feeding: Family Foods for breastfed Children. WHO, 2000. http:// www.who.int/child/adolescent/health/publications/ NUTRITION/WHO_FCH_CAH_00.6 .htm
43. Regione Emilia Romagna. Direzione Generale Sanità e Politiche Sociali. La nascita in Emilia Romagna. 2° Rapporto sui dati del Certificato di Assistenza al Parto (CedAP) 2005. http://www.regione.emilia-romagna.it/sas /cedap /report_predef /2004/2_rapporto_cedap_ 2004.pdf
44. Balsamo E, Favaro G, Giancalone F, Pavesi A, Samaniego M. Mille modi di crescere. Bambini immigrati e modi di cura. Milano: Franco Angeli, 2002.
2. American Academy of Pediatrics. Policy Statement. Section on Breastfeeding. Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk. Pediatrics 2005;115:496-506.
3. United Nations Children’s Fund. Breastfeeding: Foundation for a Healty Future. New York, NY: United Nations Children’s Fund, 1999.
4. WHO. Regional Office for Europe. Michaelsen KF, Wearer L, Branca F, Robertson A (eds). Feeding and Nutrition of Infant and Young Children: guidelines for the WHO European Region, with emphasis on the former Soviet Countries. Copenhagen: WHO; 2000
5. SIN. Commissione Consultiva sulla Promozione dell’Allattamento Materno. Raccomandazioni sull’allattamento materno per i nati a termine, di peso appropriato, sani. Medico e Bambino 2002;21(2):91-8
6. EU Project on Promotion of Breastfeeding in Europe. Protection, Promotion and Support of Breastfeeding in Europe: a blueprint for Action. European Commission, Directorate Public Health and Risk Assessment, Luxembourg,
2004. URL: http://ec.europa.eu/ health/ph_projects/2002/promotion/promotion_ 2002_18_en.htm
7. Pan American Health Organization - World Health Organization. Guiding Principles for Complementary feeding of the breastfed Child. Washington; WHO, 2003. URL: http://www.who.int/child/adolescent/health /New_Publications/NUTRITION/guiding_pr inciples.pdf
8. Devoto G, Oli GL. Il dizionario della lingua italiana. Firenze: Le Monnier, 2000.
9. Hervada AR, Newman DR. Weaning: Historical Perspective, Practical Recommendations, and current Controversies. Curr Probl Pediatr 1992;22(5):223-40.
10. Pediatric Nutrition Handbook. 4th ed. Kleinman RE (ed). Elk Grove, Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics, 1998.
11. Overby KJ. Sorveglianza della salute pediatrica. In: Rudolph AM, Kamei RK, Overbj KJ (eds). Manuale di Pediatria (Ed It) III ed. Milano, 2003.
12. Piermarini L. Autosvezzamento. Medico e Bambino 2002;21(7):268-70.
13. Azienda Unità Sanitaria di Reggio Emilia - Dipartimento di Cure Primarie - Distretto di Montecchio Emilia. Alimentazione Complementare nel primo anno di vita. http:// www.ausl.re.it/Home/DocumentViewer.aspx ?TIPODOC=IAP&ID=988
14. Giovannini M, Riva F, Banderali G, et al. Feeding practices of infant throught the first year of life in Italy. Acta Paediatr 2004;93(4): 492-7.
15. Savino F, Zannino L, Laccisaglia A, et al. Infant Nutritional Recommendations from Pediatricians. Epidemiologic Survey of Feeding Recommendations for the first year of life in Piedmont. Minerva Pediatr 2004;56:73-82.
16. Wright CM, Parkinson KN, Drewett RF. Why are babies weaned early? Data from a prospective population based cohort study. Arch Dis Child 2004;89:813-6.
17. Bosscher D, Van Cauwenbergh R, Van der Auwera JC, Robberecht H, Ceelstra H. Calcium, Iron and Zinc availability from weaning meals. Acta Paediatr 2002;91:761-8.
18. Cohen RJ, Brown KH. Effect of age of introduction of complementary foods on infant breast milk intake, total energy intake, and growth: a randomised intervention study in Honduras. Lancet 1994;344:288.
19. Dewey GK. Nutrition, Growth, and complementary feeling of the breasfeed infant. Pediatr Clin North Am 2001;48:87-104.
20. World Health Organization. The WHO Child Growth Standards. http://www.who. int/childgrowth/en/
21. Kramer MS, Kakuma R. The optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding: a sistematic review. Geneva WHO; 2002. URL: http:// www.who.int/child-adolescent-health/ New_Publications/NUTRITION/WHO_CAH _01_23.pdf
22. Regione Emilia Romagna e CeVEAS. Allattamento al seno. Strumenti per facilitare il cambiamento delle pratiche assistenziali. http://www.saperidoc .it/str_ques_12.html
23. SaperiDoc - Centro di documentazione sulla salute perinatale e riproduttiva. Efficacia degli interventi di promozione dell’avvio dell’allattamento al seno. http://www.saperidoc.it/ file/106_2.pdf
24. Biblioteca del Comune di Formigine. Progetto allattamento. http://www.comune.formigine. mo.it/cms/pagina.do?task=show&idpagina= 20817
25. MAMI. Gruppi di auto-aiuto. http://wwwpgtu. ing.unifi.it/mami/gruppi.htm
26. Curran JS, Barness LA. Alimentazione del neonato e del bambino. In: Beherman RE, Kliegman RM, Jenson HA (eds). Nelson Trattato di Pediatria, XVI Ed. it, Torino, 2002.
27. Miceli Sopo S. La prevenzione delle allergie: il “Timing” dei cibi. Rivista di Immunologia e Allergologia Pediatrica (RIAP) 2004;1:7-12.
28. Norris JM, Barriga K, Hoffenberg EJ, et al. Risk of celiac disease autoimmunity and timing of gluten introduction in the diet of infants at increased risk of disease. JAMA 2005; 293(19):2410-2.
29. Farrell RJ. Infant gluten and celiac disease: too early, too late too much, too many questions. JAMA 2005;293(19):2410-2.
30. Mennella JA, Jagnow CP, Beauchamp GK. Prenatal and Postnatal Flavor Learning by Human Infants. Pediatrics 2001;107(6):E88.
31. Schaal B, Marlier L, Soussignan R. Human Foetuses Learn Odours from their Pregnant Mother’s Diet. Chem Senses 2000;25(6):729- 37.
32. Mennella JA, Beauchamp GK. Maternal diet Alters the Sensory Qualities of Human Milk and the Nursling’s Behavior. Pediatrics 1991;88(4):737-44.
33. Touger-Decker R, van Loveren C. Sugars and dental caries. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78 (4):881S-892S. http://www.ajcn.org/ cgi/content/ full/78/4/881S
34. Jones DW. Dietary Sodium and Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2004;43:932-5.
35. Zinner SH, McGarvey ST, Lipsitt LP, Rosner R. Neonatal Blood Pressure and Salt Responsiveness. Hypertension 2002;40:280-5.
36. Couch SC, Daniels SR. Diet and blood pressure in children. Curr Opin Pediatr 2005; 17(5):642-7.
37. Heird WC, Ziegler P, Reidy K, Briefel R. Current electrolyte intakes of infants and toodlers. J Am Diet Assoc 2006;106(1-1)S43-51.
38. Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, et al. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:3-10.
39. Montanari M. Il cibo come cultura. Bari: Laterza, 2004.
40. Cavalli Sforza LL. L’evoluzione della cultura. Torino: Codice ed, 2004.
41. Fabietti U. Elementi di antropologia culturale. Milano: Mondadori, 2004.
42. Child and Adolescent Health and Development - World Health Organization. Complementary Feeding: Family Foods for breastfed Children. WHO, 2000. http:// www.who.int/child/adolescent/health/publications/ NUTRITION/WHO_FCH_CAH_00.6 .htm
43. Regione Emilia Romagna. Direzione Generale Sanità e Politiche Sociali. La nascita in Emilia Romagna. 2° Rapporto sui dati del Certificato di Assistenza al Parto (CedAP) 2005. http://www.regione.emilia-romagna.it/sas /cedap /report_predef /2004/2_rapporto_cedap_ 2004.pdf
44. Balsamo E, Favaro G, Giancalone F, Pavesi A, Samaniego M. Mille modi di crescere. Bambini immigrati e modi di cura. Milano: Franco Angeli, 2002.
Corrispondenza: alessandro.volta@ausl.re.it