Problemi correnti
Il ruolo del pediatra nell’individuazione dei segni premonitori dell’autismo
THE ROLE OF PAEDIATRICIANS IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE PREMONITORY SIGNS OF AUTISM
Silvana Cremaschi, Elena Alberini, Giuseppe Zappulla
SOC di Neuropsichiatria dell’Infanzia e dell’Adolescenza, ASS 4 Medio Friuli
Ottobre 2008 - pagg. 504 -509
Abstract
Autism is a syndrome caused by a biologically determined developmental disorder. It develops
in the first years of life and it mainly affects mutual social interaction, the ability of
communicating ideas and emotions and of establishing relationships with other people. Up
to now the causes of autism are not completely known. Indeed, the disorder involves the
complex relations mind-brain and represents the common final way of pathological situations
having different nature and etiology. The syndrome was first described by Kanner in
1943; the following studies have deepened its clinical and diagnostic characteristics up
to the present description of the triad of symptoms defined by WHO in 1992. Following
the Guide lines presented by the Societŕ Italiana di Neuropsichiatria dell’Infanzia e dell’Adolescenza,
the Authors propose a pathway that enables family paediatricians to formulate
an early diagnosis and thus send children to the proper services for the rehabilitative
therapy. Finally, a pilot study carried out in the SOC di Neuropsichiatria dell’Infanzia e dell’Adolescenza
dell’ASS 4 Medio Friuli is presented. The aim of the study is to detect families’
needs, the perceived quality of the Services and to use the CHAT scale for the screening
of children between 18 months and 4 years.
Parole chiave
Suggerite dall'AI
Classificazione MeSH
Bibliografia
1. Fombonne E. Epidemiology of autistic disorder
and other pervasive developmental disorders.
J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66:3-8.
2. Myers SM, Johnson CP; AAP Council on Children with Disabilities. Management of children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics 2007;120:1162-82.
3. Chakrabarti S, Fombonne E. Pervasive developmental disorders in preschool children. JAMA 2001;285:3093-9.
4. Johnson CP, Myers SM; AAP Council on Children with Disabilities. Identification and evaluation of children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics 2007;120:1183-215.
5. Kanner L. Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child 1943;217-50.
6. Asperger H. Die autistichen Psychopathen in Kindesalter. Archiv fur Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten 1944;117:71-136.
7. Rutter M, Lord C. Language disorders associated with psychiatric disturbance. Language Dev Disord 1987;206-33.
8. Wing L, Gould J. Severe impairments of social interaction and associated abnormalities in children: epidemiology and classification. J Autism Dev Disord 1979;9:11-29.
9. World Health Organization. The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Description and Diagnostic Guidelines. WHO, Geneva, 1992.
10. Baron-Cohen S, Leslie AM, Frith U. Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind”? Cognition 1985;21:37-46.
11. Frith U. Autism and Asperger Syndrome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991:37-92.
12. Schopler E, Lord C, Revicki D. Sex differences in autism. J Autism Dev Disord 1982; 12:317-30.
13. Gerland G. A real person. Life from the Outside, tradotto dallo svedese da Tate J. London: Souvenir Press, 1997:14-5.
14. Zappella M. Holding has grown old. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1998;7:119-21.
15. Caronna EB, Milunski JM, Tager-Flusberg H. Autism spectrum disorders: clinical and reasearch frontiers. Arch Dis Child 2008;93: 518-23.
16. Baron-Cohen S. Can autism be detected at eighteen months? The needle, the haystack, and the CHAT. Br J Psychiatry 1992;161:839- 43.
17. Baird G, Charman T, Baron-Cohen S, et al. A sceening in strument for autism at 18 mounths of age: a 6-year follow-up study. J Am Acad Adolesc Psychiaty 2000;39:694-702.
18. SINPIA, Societŕ Italiana di Neuropsichiatria dell’Infanzia e dell’Adolescenza. Linee Guida per l’autismo 2005;9-11.
2. Myers SM, Johnson CP; AAP Council on Children with Disabilities. Management of children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics 2007;120:1162-82.
3. Chakrabarti S, Fombonne E. Pervasive developmental disorders in preschool children. JAMA 2001;285:3093-9.
4. Johnson CP, Myers SM; AAP Council on Children with Disabilities. Identification and evaluation of children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics 2007;120:1183-215.
5. Kanner L. Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child 1943;217-50.
6. Asperger H. Die autistichen Psychopathen in Kindesalter. Archiv fur Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten 1944;117:71-136.
7. Rutter M, Lord C. Language disorders associated with psychiatric disturbance. Language Dev Disord 1987;206-33.
8. Wing L, Gould J. Severe impairments of social interaction and associated abnormalities in children: epidemiology and classification. J Autism Dev Disord 1979;9:11-29.
9. World Health Organization. The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Description and Diagnostic Guidelines. WHO, Geneva, 1992.
10. Baron-Cohen S, Leslie AM, Frith U. Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind”? Cognition 1985;21:37-46.
11. Frith U. Autism and Asperger Syndrome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991:37-92.
12. Schopler E, Lord C, Revicki D. Sex differences in autism. J Autism Dev Disord 1982; 12:317-30.
13. Gerland G. A real person. Life from the Outside, tradotto dallo svedese da Tate J. London: Souvenir Press, 1997:14-5.
14. Zappella M. Holding has grown old. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1998;7:119-21.
15. Caronna EB, Milunski JM, Tager-Flusberg H. Autism spectrum disorders: clinical and reasearch frontiers. Arch Dis Child 2008;93: 518-23.
16. Baron-Cohen S. Can autism be detected at eighteen months? The needle, the haystack, and the CHAT. Br J Psychiatry 1992;161:839- 43.
17. Baird G, Charman T, Baron-Cohen S, et al. A sceening in strument for autism at 18 mounths of age: a 6-year follow-up study. J Am Acad Adolesc Psychiaty 2000;39:694-702.
18. SINPIA, Societŕ Italiana di Neuropsichiatria dell’Infanzia e dell’Adolescenza. Linee Guida per l’autismo 2005;9-11.
Corrispondenza: silvana.cremaschi@ass4.sanita.fvg.it