Problemi speciali
Lo studio funzionale della corteccia cerebrale mediante la topografia ottica nel neonato
THE FUNCTIONAL STUDY OF NEONATAL CEREBRAL CORTEX BY MEANS OF OPTICAL TOPOGRAPHY
Andrea Clarici1, Stefano Bembich1, Laura Travan2, Chiara Oretti2, Cristina Vecchiet1, Michele Bava2, Pierpaolo Brovedani2, Elena Neri2, Stefano Massaccesi1, Teresa Farroni3, Sergio Demarini2
1Dipartimento di Scienze della Riproduzione e dello Sviluppo, Universitā di Trieste
2IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste
3Dipartimento di Psicologia, Universitā di Padova
Gennaio 2010 - pagg. 41 -46
Abstract
Optical topography is a non-invasive functional brain imaging technique, which uses light
in the near infra-red spectrum and allows to detect hemodynamic changes in the cerebral
cortex. Specifically, it measures relative changes in oxygenated, de-oxygenated and total
haemoglobin concentrations, reflecting variations in the cerebral blood flow and volume.
This technique does not need sedation and it is safe: consequently, it appears particularly
feasible to study cerebral neonatal development. Neonatal cerebral cortex activations
associated both with simple sensory stimuli and with more complex cognitive or affectiverelational
have been detected. In neonatology, a promising research field is related to the
detection of cerebral hemodynamic response observed in specific conditions (such as encephalopathies
and perinatal asphyxia).
Classificazione MeSH
Bibliografia
1. Meek J. Basic principles of optical imaging
and application to the study of infant development.
Dev Sci 2002;5:371-80.
2. Villringer A, Chance B. Non-invasive optical spectroscopy and imaging of human brain function. Trends Neurosci 1997;20:435-42.
3. Gibson AP, Hebden JC, Arridge SR. Recent advances in diffuse optical imaging. Phys Med Biol 2005;50:41-3.
4. Aslin RN, Mehler J. Near-infrared spectroscopy for functional studies of brain activity in human infants: promise, prospects, and challenges. J Biomed Opt 2005;10:1-2.
5. Jobsis FF. Noninvasive, infrared monitoring of cerebral and myocardial oxygen sufficiency and circulatory parameters. Science 1977; 198:1264-7.
6. Kiguchi M. Effects of Optical Topography measurement on a neonate. Advanced Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd. Rev 2002;3:1-6.
7. Greisen G. Is near-infrared spectroscopy living up to its promises? Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2006;11:498-502.
8. Brazy JE, Darrel VL, Mitnick MH, Jobsis FF. Noninvasive monitoring of cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants: preliminary observations. Pediatrics 1985;75:217-25.
9. Meek JH, Firbank M, Elwell CE, Atkinson J, Braddick O, Wyatt JS. Regional haemodynamic responses to visual stimulation in awake infants. Pediatr Res 1998;43:840-3.
10. Sakatani K, Chen S, Lichty W, Zuo H, Wang Y. Cerebral blood oxygenation changes induced by auditory stimulation in newborn infants measured by near infrared spectroscopy. Early Hum Dev 1999;55:229-36.
11. Bartocci M, Winberg J, Ruggiero C, Bergqvist LL, Serra G, Lagercrantz H. Activation of olfactory cortex in newborn infants after odor stimulation: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Pediatr Res 2000;48:18-23.
12. Isobe K, Kusaka T, Nagano K, et al. Functional imaging of the brain in sedated newborn infants using near infrared topography during passive knee movement. Neurosci Lett 2001;299:221-4.
13. Peņa M, Maki A, Kovacic D, et al. Sounds and silence: an optical topography study of language recognition at birth. PNAS 2003; 100:11702-5.
14. Bartocci M, Bergqvist LL, Lagercrantz H, Anad KJS. Pain activates cortical areas in the preterm newborn brain. Pain 2006;122:109-17.
15. Fitzgerald M, Shaw A, MacIntosh N. Postnatal development of the cutaneous flexor reflex: comparative study of preterm infants and newborn rat pups. Dev Med Child Neurol 1988;30:520-6.
16. Greenough A, Nicolaides KH, Lagercrantz H. Human fetal sympathoadrenal responsiveness. Early Hum Dev 1990;23:9-13.
17. Taga G, Asakawa K, Maki A, Konishi Y, Koizumi H. Brain imaging in awake infants by near-infrared optical topography. PNAS 2003; 100:10722-7.
18. Spinney L. Optical topography and the color of blood. The Scientist 2005;31:25-7.
19. Meek JH, Tyszczuk LT, Elwell CE, Wyatt JS. Cerebral blood flow increases over the first three days of life in extremely preterm neonates. Arch Dis Child 1998;78:F33-7.
20. Meek JH, Tyszczuk LT, Elwell CE, Wyatt JS. Low cerebral blood flow is a risk factor for severe intra-ventricular haemorrhage. Arch Dis Child 1999;81:F15-8.
21. Tyszczuk LT, Meek JH, Elwell CE, Wyatt JS. Cerebral blood flow is independent of mean arterial blood pressure in preterm infants undergoing intensive care. Pediatrics 1998;102:337-41.
22. Meek JH, Elwell CE, McCormick DC, et al. Abnormal cerebral haemodynamics in perinatally asphyxiated neonates related to outcome. Arch Dis Child 1999;81:F110-5.
23. Bembich S, Brovedani P, Clarici A, et al. Brain imaging during non-pharmacologic analgesia in newborns. Poster presentato al 2009 Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting. Baltimore, MD, USA, maggio 2009.
24. Reynolds EO, Wyatt JS, Azzopardi D, et al. New non-invasive methods for assessing brain oxygenation and haemodynamics. Br Med Bull 1988;44:1052-75.
2. Villringer A, Chance B. Non-invasive optical spectroscopy and imaging of human brain function. Trends Neurosci 1997;20:435-42.
3. Gibson AP, Hebden JC, Arridge SR. Recent advances in diffuse optical imaging. Phys Med Biol 2005;50:41-3.
4. Aslin RN, Mehler J. Near-infrared spectroscopy for functional studies of brain activity in human infants: promise, prospects, and challenges. J Biomed Opt 2005;10:1-2.
5. Jobsis FF. Noninvasive, infrared monitoring of cerebral and myocardial oxygen sufficiency and circulatory parameters. Science 1977; 198:1264-7.
6. Kiguchi M. Effects of Optical Topography measurement on a neonate. Advanced Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd. Rev 2002;3:1-6.
7. Greisen G. Is near-infrared spectroscopy living up to its promises? Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2006;11:498-502.
8. Brazy JE, Darrel VL, Mitnick MH, Jobsis FF. Noninvasive monitoring of cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants: preliminary observations. Pediatrics 1985;75:217-25.
9. Meek JH, Firbank M, Elwell CE, Atkinson J, Braddick O, Wyatt JS. Regional haemodynamic responses to visual stimulation in awake infants. Pediatr Res 1998;43:840-3.
10. Sakatani K, Chen S, Lichty W, Zuo H, Wang Y. Cerebral blood oxygenation changes induced by auditory stimulation in newborn infants measured by near infrared spectroscopy. Early Hum Dev 1999;55:229-36.
11. Bartocci M, Winberg J, Ruggiero C, Bergqvist LL, Serra G, Lagercrantz H. Activation of olfactory cortex in newborn infants after odor stimulation: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Pediatr Res 2000;48:18-23.
12. Isobe K, Kusaka T, Nagano K, et al. Functional imaging of the brain in sedated newborn infants using near infrared topography during passive knee movement. Neurosci Lett 2001;299:221-4.
13. Peņa M, Maki A, Kovacic D, et al. Sounds and silence: an optical topography study of language recognition at birth. PNAS 2003; 100:11702-5.
14. Bartocci M, Bergqvist LL, Lagercrantz H, Anad KJS. Pain activates cortical areas in the preterm newborn brain. Pain 2006;122:109-17.
15. Fitzgerald M, Shaw A, MacIntosh N. Postnatal development of the cutaneous flexor reflex: comparative study of preterm infants and newborn rat pups. Dev Med Child Neurol 1988;30:520-6.
16. Greenough A, Nicolaides KH, Lagercrantz H. Human fetal sympathoadrenal responsiveness. Early Hum Dev 1990;23:9-13.
17. Taga G, Asakawa K, Maki A, Konishi Y, Koizumi H. Brain imaging in awake infants by near-infrared optical topography. PNAS 2003; 100:10722-7.
18. Spinney L. Optical topography and the color of blood. The Scientist 2005;31:25-7.
19. Meek JH, Tyszczuk LT, Elwell CE, Wyatt JS. Cerebral blood flow increases over the first three days of life in extremely preterm neonates. Arch Dis Child 1998;78:F33-7.
20. Meek JH, Tyszczuk LT, Elwell CE, Wyatt JS. Low cerebral blood flow is a risk factor for severe intra-ventricular haemorrhage. Arch Dis Child 1999;81:F15-8.
21. Tyszczuk LT, Meek JH, Elwell CE, Wyatt JS. Cerebral blood flow is independent of mean arterial blood pressure in preterm infants undergoing intensive care. Pediatrics 1998;102:337-41.
22. Meek JH, Elwell CE, McCormick DC, et al. Abnormal cerebral haemodynamics in perinatally asphyxiated neonates related to outcome. Arch Dis Child 1999;81:F110-5.
23. Bembich S, Brovedani P, Clarici A, et al. Brain imaging during non-pharmacologic analgesia in newborns. Poster presentato al 2009 Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting. Baltimore, MD, USA, maggio 2009.
24. Reynolds EO, Wyatt JS, Azzopardi D, et al. New non-invasive methods for assessing brain oxygenation and haemodynamics. Br Med Bull 1988;44:1052-75.
Corrispondenza: stefbemb@libero.it